MICROBES BUILD HEALTHY SOIL
UNDISTURBED AND DISTURBED SOIL
Can soil breath?
Soil has life
Micro organisms provide nutrients and confer resistance
Biofertilizers, Plant vaccines = Microbial inoculants
N-Available in plenty, yet a
problem?
Though about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere
is nitrogen, plants and animals
don't
necessarily have an easy time getting all the nitrogen they need. The
problem is that green plants can't use the nitrogen that's free in the
atmosphere.
Some chemistry must be done on every molecule of free nitrogen before it becomes
useful to most living things.
NITROGEN FIXATION
The process of chemically altering
unusable, free atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by organisms is referred
to as nitrogen fixation.
In nature, there are two main ways of "fixing" nitrogen: Biological and Non
biological
Non biological
Lightning.
If you've ever been close to a
lightning flash and right afterwards smelled an ammonia-like odor, that was
lightning-fixed nitrogen you smelled. Only a relatively small percentage of
nitrogen gets fixed in this way.
Biological N fixation
Biological nitrogen fixation is the
process that changes inert N2 to biologically useful NH3. This process is
mediated in nature only by bacteria
Micobial inoculants-
Ecofriendly
The manufacture of chemical fertilizer
especially nitrogen is a high energy-budgeted process based on fossil fuels. One
unit of nitrogen requires normally two units of fuel.
The energy requirement for one kg fertilizer is 80 MJ (megajoules) or 11.2 KWh,
(kilowatt / hour) for nitrogen 12 MJ or 1.1 KWh for phosphate and 8 MJ at (KWh)
for potash
Biological Process- Less
energy & ecofriendly
Astonishingly microbes mimic the same process but the power bill is debited to
the account of Mother Nature.
To illustrate it further it could be safely said that on the entire earth we
receive over Rs 90,000 crore worth of nitrogen every year through biological
sources
BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN FIXATION ( BNF)
Special microorganisms living mostly in soil and water.
Life on Earth depends on nitrogen-fixing microorganisms -- creatures we can't
see without a microscope -- living in soil and water.
1. What is
biofertilizer?
Biofertilizers are ready to use live formulates of beneficial microorganisms
which on application to seed, root or soil mobilize the availability of
nutrients by their biological activity in particular, and help build up the
micro-flora and in turn the soil health in general.
The Processes:
Biological N fixation
Phosphorus solubilization
2. Why should we use biofertilizers?
With the introduction of green revolution technologies, the modern agriculture
is getting more and more dependent upon the steady supply of synthetic inputs
(mainly fertilizers), which are products of fossil fuel (coal+ petroleum). The
production of these chemical fertilizers results in the emission of green house
gases.
Adverse effects are being noticed due to the excessive and imbalanced use of
these synthetic inputs. This situation has lead to identifying harmless inputs
like biofertilizers.
Use of such natural products like biofertilizers in crop cultivation will help
in safeguarding the soil health and also the quality of crop products.
3. What are the
advantages of bio-fertilizers?
Cost effective.
Suppliment(25%)( not substitute) to fertilizers.
Eco-friendly (Friendly with nature).
Reduces the costs towards fertilizers use, especially regarding nitrogen and
phosphorus.
SUCCESS STORIES
AROUND THE WORLD FOR BIOFERTILIZER
All micro-organisms have the capacity to convert about 138 million tonnes of
nitrogen every year into fertilizer nitrogen. It is thus possible to meet a
large portion of the total nitrogen demand through proper usage of
micro-organisms in the crop production systems.
comparisons of nutritive value in carrot Biofertilizer Vit C
40% Minerals 69% Fe 12%
International Research Papers on Biofertilizer- A glimpse
